Chapter 26 review

    Vocabulary
    Match each word to the sentence where it best fits.
      Section 26.1

      atom electron
      proton neutron
      elementary charge nucleus
      atomic number mass number
      isotopes 
      1. Atoms that have six protons and six neutrons or six protons and seven neutrons are both _______ of carbon.

      2. The nuclear particle with zero charge is the _______.

      3. The _______ is the lightest of the three elementary particles forming an atom.

      4. Oxygen-16 has eight protons and eight neutrons in its _______.

      5. An atom’s _______ is usually represented by Z.

      6. A/An _______ is the smallest particle of an element that can exist in isolation.

      7. The proton and the electron both carry the same _______ but with opposite signs.

      8. An atom that has three protons and four neutrons has a/an _______ of seven.

      Section 26.2

      orbit quantized
      Bohr model quantum number
      energy levels ground state
      phosphorescence excited state
      absorption emission
      scattering spectral line
      line spectrum continuum spectrum
      spectrograph electron volt (eV)
      Pauli exclusion principle 
      1. The wavelengths of the Balmer emission lines of hydrogen were successfully explained by the _______.

      2. In the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, electrons can only occupy a quantized _______.

      3. The n = 1 energy level is called the _______.

      4. _______ is the process in which an atom gains energy from a photon of light.

      1. Many physical quantities at the atomic level can only take _______ values.

      2. A/An _______ is an instrument that can be used to disperse light to study its emission lines.

      3. One particular energy level transition in an atom corresponds to one particular wavelength of light called a/an _______.

      4. Light from one direction that is absorbed by atoms and re-emitted in other directions is called _______.

      5. After illumination by a light source, a material may emit light in other directions through a process called _______.

      6. The energy level of an electron is described by its integer _______.

      7. An incandescent light bulb generally does not emit light at distinct wavelengths but rather as a/an _______.

      8. Although the SI unit of energy is the joule, the _______ is a more natural unit for calculating atomic energy levels.

      9. When an electron in an excited state loses energy by producing a photon, this is called _______.

      10. No two electrons can occupy the same orbit according to the _______.

      11. A pattern of distinct emission or absorption wavelength features for an atom is an example of its _______.

      12. An atom emits or absorbs light when its electron changes between two _______.

      Section 26.3

      uncertainty principle wave function
      stimulated emission spontaneous emission
      laser 
      1. The probability of finding a particle at a particular location and at a particular time is determined from its _______.

      2. It is impossible to know simultaneously both the momentum and position of an electron because of the _______.

      3. A scientific instrument that produces a beam of coherent light is called a/an _______.

      4. A laser pointer works using the phenomenon of _______.

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