Chapter 2 review


    Conceptual questions
      Section 2.3
      1. Easy What conversion factors would you use to convert from seconds into days?

      2. Easy Give two examples of equations that are linear and two examples of equations that are nonlinear.

      3. Medium What conversion factors would you use to convert from miles per hour to meters per second?

      Quantitative problems
        Section 2.1
        1. What is 270,000,000 in scientific notation?

        2. How many seconds are there in 2 hours, 56 minutes, and 21 seconds (2:56:21)?

        3. How many seconds are there in 01:39:20?

        4. The fastest time in the Boston Marathon is 7,382 s. Express this time in hours, minutes, and seconds.

        5. Jupiter’s moon Io has an orbital period of 152,854 s, while Ganymede has an orbital period of 7.1546 days. Which period is longer?

        6. An unknown substance has a mass of 670 kg and a volume of 782 m3. Will it float in water? (Water has a density of 1,000 kg/m3.)

        7. When using a triple beam balance, one beam reads 30 g, another beam reads 100 g, and the last beam reads 8.5 g. What is the measured mass?

        8. What is the sequence of buttons you need to press to enter the number 3.75×1013 into a scientific calculator?

        9. If 1 kg of feathers occupies 10 m3 and 1 kg of bricks occupies 1 m3, which has a greater density?

        10. Express the answer to (4+8+15+16+23+42) in scientific notation.

        11. Easy What is 0.00000000000345 in scientific notation?

        12. Easy What is 8.945×1012 in standard notation?

        13. Easy What is the surface area of the Earth? (The Earth’s radius is 6,400 km.)

        14. Easy What is the sequence of buttons you need to press to enter the number 5.8×10−8 into a scientific calculator?

          Densities of gold and silver
        1. Medium Pure gold and silver have densities of 19,300 kg/m3 and 10,500 kg/m3, respectively. If a jeweler uses 0.25 cm3 of metal to make a ring, then how much heavier (in grams) is the gold ring compared to the silver ring?

        2. A cube with sides of length <i>a</i> and a sphere of radius <i>a</i>
        3. Medium A cube has three equal sides each of length a, while a sphere has a diameter of a.
          1. Which has a larger volume, the cube or the sphere?
          2. Which has a larger surface area?

        4. Medium What is the average density of the Earth? (The Earth’s radius is 6,400 km, and its mass is 6.0×1024 kg.)

        5. Medium Which is longer, one year, 8,897 hr, or 3.14×107 s?

        Section 2.2
        1. Easy How many people can squeeze into a car? Describe any assumptions you make in your estimation.

        2. Medium Estimate the number of ants in an anthill. Describe each step of your estimation and any assumptions you make.

        3. Medium How many atoms are there in your body? Describe any assumptions you make in your estimation.

        4. Estimate the mass of Earth’s troposphere
        5. Challenging Estimate the mass of the Earth’s troposphere, the lowest portion of the Earth’s atmosphere. Describe any assumptions you make in your estimation. (The density of air is approximately 1.2 kg/m3. The radius of the Earth is approximately 6,400 km. The Earth’s troposphere is around 14 km high.)


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