Chapter 20 review

    Vocabulary
    Match each word to the sentence where it best fits.
      Section 20.1

      ray diagram object distance
      image distance inverse square law
      1. The intensity of light decreases by a factor of 9 when the distance increases by a factor of 3 because light follows a/an _______.

      2. Jean-Claude is taking a picture with his camera of his friend located 2.5 m away. The _______ is 2.5 m.

      3. Inside a camera, the separation between the lens and the detector (film or a CCD) is the _______.

      4. A/An _______ is useful to represent how light changes direction with mirrors, lenses, and prisms.

      Section 20.2

      mirror lens
      prism reflection
      diffuse reflection specular reflection
      magnification translucent
      transparent opaque
      1. _______ is when light waves can bounce off a material in any direction.

      2. A mirror image off a surface is caused by _______.

      3. A/An _______ window provides privacy while still letting in light.

      4. Most glass used in windows is _______ and does not blur or darken images.

      5. The curved surface of a/an _______ may magnify images.

      6. A camera lens uses _______ to change the apparent size of the subject in the photograph.

      7. Light, water, and sound waves can exhibit _______ when they bounce off a boundary.

      8. Specular reflection is produced by a/an _______.

      9. A/An _______ disperses light into its individual colors.

        Section 20.3

        reflected ray incident ray
        normal angle of incidence
        angle of reflection law of reflection
        image 
        1. The angle of incidence is measured between the _______ and the incident ray.

        2. When you look in a mirror, a light ray from the image you are observing is a/an _______.

        3. You can look at a/an _______ of yourself in the mirror.

        4. The relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection is related by the _______.

        5. The _______ is the angle formed by the incident ray.

        6. The ________ is always equal to the angle of incidence.

        Section 20.4

        concave convex
        optical axis focal point
        focal length 
        1. The imaginary line drawn through the center of a spherical mirror is its _______.

        2. A diverging, or _______, mirror reflects rays of light away from each other.

        3. A/An _______ mirror is depressed inward.

        4. A light ray that is incident upon a spherical mirror and travels parallel to the principal axis will be reflected through the _______.

        Conceptual questions
          Section 20.1
          1. Easy In an eclipse on Earth, the Sun or Moon is blocked from view.
            1. In a solar eclipse, what order are the Earth, Moon, and Sun in?
            2. What about in a lunar eclipse?

          2. Easy In designing a pinhole camera, such as in the design project on page 582, what quantity will you vary to project a 3-mm-high image of the Sun onto the back screen of the camera?

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