Chapter 22 review

    Standardized test practice
    1. The highest energy electromagnetic waves are
      1. gamma radiation.
      2. ultraviolet radiation.
      3. infrared radiation.
      4. radio waves.

    2. The constant of proportionality between the energy of a photon and its frequency is known as the
      1. speed of light.
      2. Rydberg energy.
      3. Einstein constant.
      4. Planck constant.

    3. A photon with a frequency of 6×1014 Hz has an energy of
      1. 4.0×10−19 J.
      2. 5.0×10−7 J.
      3. 1.8×1023 J.
      4. 5.4×1031 J.

    4. The Moon is typically about 384,000 km from Earth. Very roughly, how long would it take light to travel from Earth to the Moon?
      1. a second
      2. a minute
      3. an hour
      4. a day

    5. Which of the following statements is true about sound waves and light (electromagnetic waves)?
      1. They cannot travel through a perfect vacuum.
      2. They are transverse waves.
      3. They are compressional (longitudinal) waves.
      4. The shorter their wavelength, the higher is their frequency.

    6. Which of the following best explains how a raindrop separates white light into different colors?
      1. Water absorbs red light more than blue light.
      2. Red and blue photons have different speeds when traveling through water.
      3. Blue and red photons have different energies.
      4. Rainbows only occur shortly before sunset.

    7. Which of the following provides evidence that light can behave like a wave?
      1. the Compton effect
      2. the photoelectric effect
      3. both A and B
      4. neither A nor B

    1. Which of the following provides evidence that light can behave like a wave?
      1. diffraction
      2. polarization
      3. interference
      4. all of the above

    2. Which of the following is closest to the speed of light?
      1. 2.99 m/s
      2. 343 m/s
      3. 3×108 m/s
      4. 1010 m/s

    3. One astronomer said that light is a wave. Another astronomer rejected this scientific explanation. In his critique, he said that light is a particle because individual photons are observed by detecting them with a CCD camera. What is the best explanation of why his critique is incorrect?
      1. Light can exhibit both wave and particle properties.
      2. Light does not create an image on a CCD detector; electrons do.
      3. Some of the photons striking the CCD do not liberate any electrons.
      4. Photons have nothing to do with light.

    4. One Calorie (food calorie) is equivalent to 4,184 J. Suppose you eat a 300 Calorie sandwich. How many infrared photons would it take to match that amount of energy? (Assume that each photon has a wavelength of 10 μm, or 10−5 m, which is typical of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a human body.)
      1. 7.0×108
      2. 6.3×1015
      3. 2.1×1017
      4. 6.3×1025

    5. The index of refraction in water is 1.330 for red light (λ = 700 nm), and 1.345 for violet light (λ = 400 nm). How much longer (in nanoseconds) will it take violet light than red to cross 1 m of water?
      1. 3.3×10−9 ns
      2. 2.2×10−7 ns
      3. 220 ns
      4. 330 ns

    6. Both x-ray machines and PET scan devices work as medical imaging instruments using electromagnetic radiation that has what properties?
      1. low energy and short wavelength
      2. low energy and long wavelength
      3. high energy and short wavelength
      4. high energy and long wavelength

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