Chapter study guide

Everything in the universe changes through the movement and transformation of energy. Work is a form of energy. Kinetic energy is the energy of motion and potential energy is the stored energy of position. Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transformed. Light, heat, and electricity are macroscopic forms of energy that we can experience directly. Renewable energies are those forms of energy that nature replenishes at least as fast as we can use them, such as solar, hydroelectric, and wind power.



By the end of this chapter you should be able to
describe different types of energy;
calculate work given force and distance for one-dimensional movements;
calculate potential and kinetic energy in joules;
solve one-step problems involving power, work, energy, and time;
describe electrical energy in terms of amperes and volts; and
understand the meaning of intensity in the context of light.



9A: Work and the force versus distance graph



254Energy
255Work
256Kinetic energy
257Gravitational potential energy
258Reference frames
259Elastic potential energy
2609A: Work and the force versus distance graph
261Section 1 review
262Flow of energy
263Power
264Electrical energy and power
265Light energy and power
266Power and technology
267Energy and society
268Renewable energy
269Careers, physics, and the challenge of renewable energy
270Section 2 review
271Chapter review
W=Fd
E k = 1 2 m v 2
E p =mgh
E p = 1 2 k x 2
P= ΔE Δt = W Δt
P=IV
 
mechanical energyworkjoule (J)
kinetic energypotential energygravitational potential energy
reference frameelastic potential energyspring constant
powerwatt (W)ampere (A)
volt (V)electric currentradiant energy
intensitylighthorsepower (hp)
renewable energy

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