Chapter study guide

When bodies move in a straight line they have momentum; when they rotate they have angular momentum. Rotation is a fundamental property of many objects around us, from the rolling wheels of a car to the rotation of the Earth about its axis. Everything that has mass has rotational inertia, which is the resistance of an object to changing its state of rotation. Rotational inertia depends not just on mass but also on how that mass is distributed relative to the axis of rotation. Rotating objects also possess rotational energy in addition to their linear kinetic energy.



By the end of this chapter you should be able to
define angular momentum and calculate its value for a rotating object;
describe rotational inertia and calculate the moment of inertia for objects with simple shapes;
explain why objects can change their rotational velocities by applying the conservation of angular momentum;
define center of mass and apply it to practical situations;
define and calculate rotational energy; and
explain why rolling objects of different shapes are accelerated differently.



13A: Rotational inertia
13B: Conservation of angular momentum
13C: Center of mass
13D: Rolling down an inclined plane


364Rotation and angular momentum
365Rotational inertia
36613A: Rotational inertia
367Angular momentum
368Conservation of angular momentum
36913B: Conservation of angular momentum
370Center of mass
37113C: Center of mass
372Rotation and athletics
373Section 1 review
374Rotational dynamics
375Moment of inertia of common objects
376Rolling motion and rotational energy
37713D: Rolling down an inclined plane
378Rolling downhill
379Tides and rotation of the Earth–Moon system
380The seasons and precession
381Section 2 review
382Chapter review
L=r×mv
I=m r 2
L=Iω
E r = 1 2 I ω 2
 
axisrotationrevolution
translationrotational inertiamoment of inertia
angular momentumlinear momentumconservation of angular momentum
center of massrotational energyprecession

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